China+1 and China+N
The 'China+1' strategy has evolved into a more distributed 'China+N' pattern across Vietnam, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Mexico.
How supply-chain reconfiguration is redrawing the region's economic map.
The 'China+1' strategy has evolved into a more distributed 'China+N' pattern across Vietnam, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Mexico.
Vietnam and Malaysia are absorbing electronics and semiconductor packaging; Indonesia is capturing critical minerals value; Thailand retains automotive strength.
India is winning targeted mandates in electronics, pharmaceuticals and services — but scale infrastructure remains the constraint.
The reconfiguration is elevating middle powers into structural roles in the global economy — a shift with lasting strategic consequences.
Footprint, tax, resilience and geopolitical exposure are increasingly co-decided — the days of a separate 'ops' and 'geopolitics' conversation are ending.